Phytochemical and Pharmacological evaluation of Allium sativum

Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion family Alliaceae. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and rakkyo. Garlic has been used throughout history for both culinary and medicinal purposes.The antidiabetic effect of garlic ethanolic extract (Allium sativum L.) was investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. It is concluded that the plant must be considered as excellent candidate for future studies on diabetes mellitus.Garlic is a broad spectrum antibiotic, killing a wide variety of bacteria.The present results showed that garlic and onion juices exerted antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects and consequently may alleviate liver and renal damage caused by alloxan induced diabetes.It has been shown that garlic (Allium sativum) extract modulates immune responses.Macrophage activation is required to establish control of the intracellular infection and progressivedisease of leishmaniasis.A study was designed to elucidate the antihypertensive effect of garlic in the two-kidney–one-clip (2K-1C)Goldblatt model.