The Geometry of Greeks - the Dawn of Science

Geometry existed in Egypt and Mesopotamia, but the Greeks transformed it into a logical discipline requiring proof. The first known proof by Thales of Miletus marked a pivotal moment in the history of ideas. From then on, brilliant mathematicians like Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius, and Pappus contributed to logic and geometry, advancing sciences such as astronomy. Greek geometry laid the foundation for scientific thought, flourishing in Alexandria until the 6th century. In the following centuries, Arab scholars translated and expanded upon Greek works, preserving and enhancing geometric knowledge. Later, European mathematicians built upon Euclidean geometry, eventually developing non-Euclidean geometries in the 18th century. These innovations, often diverging from Aristotelian logic, played a crucial role in the advancement of modern science.