Facial Anthropometry of Hausa and Yoruba in Nigeria

Fourteen various facial dimensions (ICAD, OCAD, IPD, BZD, IAD, ICOD; UFH, PD, LFH, ULT, LLT; TCAD, TAD, TCOD) and three facial indices were measured (in millimeters) from each of the 582 Students aged 17yrs and above from Bayero University Kano. The study is aimed at obtaining and establishing a reference values on facial anthropometry of Hausas and compare with Yoruba ethnic group. These dimensions could be of use to the social and forensic anthropologists, comparative Anatomists, and ophthalmologists. Again, the dimensions could be used for identification of possibly race, sex, or tribe of an individual or be used by industries that produce face masks. The subjects were selected using a multistage sampling technique. The accepted landmarks, Vernier caliper, and recommended techniques by Vallois (1965) were used. MINITAB, and Microsoft for windows were used for recording, analysis and tables respectively. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was carried out to determine the level of significance. A P of 0.05 or less is considered significant. In general, Yorubas have higher values than the Hausas in the transverse distances, except IPD which is greater in Hausas. They als