Comparison of Intrathecal Bupivacaine Verses Bupivacaine and Clonidine

Pain has been a major concern of humankind since our beginning and it has been the object of ubiquitous efforts to understand and to control it. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in forms of such damage.” This definition recognizes the interplay between the objective, physiologic sensory aspects of pain and its subjective, emotional and psychological components. The history of pain management in children is rather described as under diagnosis, misinterpretation. It was misbelieved that children do not suffer from the pain they don’t feel it. They tolerate the discomfort well, they don’t respond to the pain as adult do. Therefore paediatric pain management is challenging and one of the frontiers of modern anaesthesiology. The first report on paediatric spinal anaesthesia was published by August Bier in 1899, when the technique was performed with cocaine in an 11-year old boy submitted to ischium abscess drainage.